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Parallel & Series Resistor Calculator

Enter any number of resistor values to get the total resistance in parallel (1/Rt = Σ1/R) or series (Rt = ΣR) — both shown at once.

Parallel total
Series total
Any number of resistors
Product-over-sum
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Resistors — Quick answer

Series resistances add; parallel reciprocals add.

series: Rt = ΣR  ·  parallel: 1/Rt = Σ(1/R)

Worked example: 10, 20, 30 Ω → 60 Ω series, ≈ 5.45 Ω parallel.

Examples

ResistorsSeriesParallel
100, 100 Ω200 Ω50 Ω
4, 4, 4, 4 Ω16 Ω1 Ω
10, 20 Ω30 Ω6.67 Ω

Parallel total is always below the smallest resistor.

⚡ Parallel & Series Resistor Calculator

Enter resistances (Ω), separated by commas, spaces or new lines.

Total (selected)
Parallel total
Series total
Resistors

ℹ️ Series: Rt = ΣR. Parallel: 1/Rt = Σ(1/R). Both totals are shown regardless of the headline choice.

Resistors combine in two ways. In series the values simply add, raising resistance. In parallel the reciprocals add, lowering it — the total is always below the smallest branch. This calculator takes a list of resistor values and reports both the series and parallel totals.

Reviewed: June 20, 2026 · Author: Naveen P N, Founder — AI Calculator · Verified against: series & parallel resistance laws, recomputed in code.

The formulas

Series & parallel
series: Rt = R₁ + R₂ + …  ·  parallel: 1/Rt = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + …

For exactly two resistors in parallel there's a handy shortcut — the product over the sum: Rt = R₁R₂ / (R₁ + R₂). With n equal resistors in parallel, the total is just one value divided by n. Series strings split voltage in proportion to resistance; parallel branches split current, with more current through lower-resistance paths.

Worked examples

10, 20, 30 Ω:

parallel ≈ 5.45 Ω
1/(0.1+0.05+0.0333) = 5.45 Ω · series = 60 Ω

Four 4 Ω resistors:

parallel 1 Ω
4 ÷ 4 = 1 Ω parallel · 4 × 4 = 16 Ω series

10 Ω with 20 Ω (two-resistor shortcut):

6.67 Ω
(10 × 20) ÷ (10 + 20) = 200 ÷ 30 = 6.67 Ω

A practical set like 1 kΩ, 2.2 kΩ and 4.7 kΩ totals 7,900 Ω in series but about 600 Ω in parallel — the parallel value sits just under the smallest resistor, as always.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I calculate resistors in parallel?

1/Rt = Σ(1/R). 10, 20, 30 Ω → ≈ 5.45 Ω, below the smallest.

How do I calculate resistors in series?

Rt = ΣR. 10 + 20 + 30 = 60 Ω.

Two resistors in parallel formula?

Product over sum: R₁R₂/(R₁+R₂). 10 ∥ 20 = 200/30 ≈ 6.67 Ω.

Why is parallel resistance smaller?

More paths for current lowers total R. n equal resistors give R/n.

How do I enter the values?

Separate by commas, spaces or new lines, e.g. 10, 20, 30.

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